What is 316 Stainless Steel (UNS S31600)?

Grade 316 stainless steel is the standard among the austenitic molybdenum-bearing grades. The addition of molybdenum provides higher corrosion resistance and excellent toughness across all temperatures.

Grade 316L, the low carbon version, is immune from sensitization (grain boundary carbide precipitation). The higher carbon content in Grade 316H and stabilized 316Ti makes them ideal for use in higher temperatures.

The following datasheet gives an overview of grade 316 stainless steel.

Chemical Composition


ElementContent(%)
Chromium (Cr)16
Nickel (Ni)10
Molybdenum (Mo)2


Physical Properties


PropertiesMetricImperial
Density8000 kg/cm³lb./in³


Mechanical Properties


PropertiesMetricImperial
Tensile Strength (annealed)485-515 MPapsi
Yield Strength (annealed)170 – 205 MPapsi
Elastic Modulus193 GPaksi
Poisson’s Ratio
Elongation at Break
Hardness, Rockwell B9595
Hardness, Brinell217217


Thermal Properties


PropertiesMetricImperial
Thermal Expansion (@ 100 – 538°C/212 – 1000.4°F)15.9 – 17.5 µm/m°-Cµin/in°F
Thermal Conductivity (@ 21°C/70°F)16.3 – 21.5 W/mKBTU in/hr.ft².°F


Fabrication and Heat Treatment


Welding


316 stainless steel has excellent weldability by all standard fusion methods. Filler metals are not required but can be used. Post-weld annealing is recommended for heavily welded sections for maximum corrosion resistance. Type 316L and 316Ti do not require post-weld annealing.


Heat Treatment


Annealing done by solution treatment. Heat to 1010-1120 °C. Cool rapidly. Thermal treatment will not harden type 316.


Applications


Type 316 stainless steel is used in the following applications:


  • Food preparation equipment particularly in chloride environments
  • Laboratory benches & equipment
  • Coastal architectural paneling, railings & trim
  • Boat fittings
  • Chemical containers, including for transport
  • Heat Exchangers
  • Woven or welded screens for mining, quarrying & water filtration
  • Threaded fasteners
  • Springs



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